问题
网友亚历克斯的回答
Generally speaking, Japanese people have different views on China.
一般来说，日本人对中国的看法褒贬不一。
Historically, Japan has learned a lot from China and adopted many Chinese cultures, customs and practices, especially in the Tang Dynasty. Japan actually imports Tang culture wholesale and regards it as its own culture. These include:
历史上，日本向中国学习了很多，并采纳了许多中国文化、习俗和实践，尤其是在唐朝。日本实际上是批发进口唐文化，并将其视为自己的文化。其中包括：
• Chinese characters
•汉字
• Religion (Buddhism, from India)
•宗教（佛教，源自印度）
• Food and edible utensils (such as tofu, braised fish and chopsticks)
•食品和食用器具（如豆腐、烧鱼和筷子）
• Clothing
•服装
• Urban layout (the ancient city of Nara is actually a smaller version of Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, which was the largest metropolis in the world at that time)
•城市布局（古城奈良实际上是唐代都城长安的一个较小版本，当时是世界上最大的大都市）
In those days, the Japanese really took the Chinese as their big brother. But history has been overturned. In the mid-19th century, both China and Japan were harassed by the western gunboat policy of open trade. China was basically harassed by the British Empire, while Japan was harassed by the United States. But luckily for Japan, unlike the Chinese, the Japanese were not forced to take opium.
在那些日子里，日本人真的把中国人当成了大哥。但历史翻覆。在19世纪中期，中国和日本都受到了西方开放贸易的炮舰政策的骚扰，中国基本上受到了英国帝国的骚扰，而日本则受到了美国的骚扰。但对日本来说更幸运的是，日本人不像中国人那样，没有被迫吸食鸦片。
In addition, they were lucky to have a young and enlightened Meiji emperor at the helm, while the Manchu Dynasty was ruled by a foolish and incompetent Empress Dowager Cixi. Therefore, to make a long story short, Japan accepted new ideas and did not waste time sending their brightest young people to the West to learn or copy anything they could learn, especially science, technology, industry and modern forms of government. However, Chinese society has stagnated and further fallen into disgraceful depravity, which has led to the century humiliation of Chinese people.
此外，他们很幸运有一位年轻开明的明治皇帝掌舵，而满清王朝则由一位愚蠢无能的慈禧太后统治。因此，长话短说，日本接受新思想，并没有浪费时间将他们最聪明的年轻人送到西方学习或复制他们所能学习的任何东西，特别是科学、技术、工业和现代政府形式。而中国社会却停滞不前，进一步陷入不光彩的堕落，因此这导致了中国人的世纪耻辱。
Therefore, in this context, the fate of China and Japan began to diverge from the end of the 19th century. Although China has actually become a semi-feudal and semi-colonial country at the mercy of the western colonial powers, Japan is rapidly industrializing and militarizing, and has become one of the colonial powers, bullying and invading China. Therefore, in 1894/5, in the first Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Navy defeated the Manchu Navy; In 1931, the Japanese invaders planned the Mukden Incident in Manchuria; In 1937, the Japanese Empire planned a Lugouqiao incident near Beijing and officially launched a full-scale war of aggression against China. In 1945, the second Sino-Japanese War ended with the surrender of Japan.
因此，在这种背景下，中国和日本的命运从19世纪末开始出现分歧。尽管中国实际上成为了一个半封建半殖民地国家，任由西方殖民大国摆布，但日本正在迅速工业化和军事化，并成为殖民大国之一，欺负和侵略中国。因此，1894/5年，第一次中日战争中，日本海军击败了满清海军；1931年，日本入侵者策划了满洲的奉天事变；1937年，日本帝国在北京附近策划了一场卢沟桥事件，正式发动了全面侵华战争。1945年，第二次中日战争以日本投降而结束。
Given this historical background, I think we should be able to explain why "Japanese people have mixed feelings when they look at China", as I mentioned at the beginning. First of all, they cannot deny that a large part of their culture comes from China. Obviously, they are proud of their heritage. However, despite this, many Japanese do not feel indebted to the Chinese because they feel that no matter what they have learned from the Chinese, they have made great progress in them: their tofu is no longer Chinese tofu, but better tofu. The same is true of ramen noodles.
有了这样的历史背景，我认为我们应该能够解释为什么“日本人看中国时百感交集”，正如我在开头提到的那样。首先，他们不能否认他们的文化有很大一部分来自中国。显然，他们为自己的遗产感到自豪。但是，尽管如此，许多日本人并不觉得亏欠中国人什么，因为他们觉得，无论他们从中国人那里学到了什么，他们在他们身上都有了巨大的进步：他们的豆腐不再是中国的豆腐，而是味道更好的豆腐。拉面也是如此。
Speaking of Nara, the ancient capital of Japan, this is a shortened version of Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty (about 1300 years ago). Today's Japanese people would say, "It's no big deal, Chang'an no longer exists, but Nara is still in good condition!". It's true. Clothing? It was learned from China, especially the lapel style of the cross-necked dress that the Japanese have always used. However, Chinese people don't even wear cross-necked dresses anymore! That's too bad!
说到日本古都奈良, 这是唐代都城长安的缩小版(长安) 大约1300年前，今天的日本人会理直气壮地说：“没什么大不了的，长安已经不存在了，但奈良仍然保持着良好的状态！”。这是真的。服装？是从中国学的，尤其是日本人一直沿用的交叉领连衣裙的翻领样式。但是，中国人甚至不再穿交叉领连衣裙了！真可惜！
Therefore, although Japan was a student and China was a tutor in history, when Japan defeated the Manchu in the first Sino-Japanese war in 1895, the Japanese history book described the war as the Japan-Qing war. It is obvious that Japan believes that "there is no China after the cliff, and there is no China after the fall of the Ming Dynasty". Therefore, they distorted the facts and claimed that the invasion of China was justified.
因此，尽管历史上日本是学生，中国是导师，但当1895年日本在第一次中日战争中击败满清时，日本历史书将这场战争描述为日清战争。很明显，日本认为所谓“崖山之后无中国，明亡之后无华夏”。因此，他们歪曲事实，宣称入侵中国是正当的。
In fact, this theory is the driving force behind the overall plan of Japanese militarists to conquer China. Even today, there are still some Japanese right-wing militarists who are not willing to defeat Japan and are bent on rewriting the history of World War II. They denied the crimes of comfort women and the Nanjing Massacre. They continue to visit the Yasukuni Shrine and pay homage to 14 convicted Class A war criminals.
事实上，这一理论是日本军国主义者征服中国的总体计划背后的驱动力。直到今天，仍有一些日本右翼军国主义者不甘心日本战败，一心要改写二战历史。他们否认慰安妇和南京大屠杀的罪行。他们继续参拜靖国神社，并向14名被定罪的甲级战犯祭拜。
However, we must admit that not all Japanese try to deny history. At least Emperor Akihito expressed deep regret for the atrocities committed by Japan in World War II. I believe that most Japanese today love peace. It would be even better if Japan could imitate Germany's sincere and unconditional apology, just as her former Prime Minister Willy Brandt knelt before the monument of the former Warsaw slum. This is a historic gesture to seek forgiveness for Nazi atrocities and a symbol of reconciliation.
然而，我们必须承认，并非所有的日本人都妄图否认历史。至少明仁天皇对日本在二战中犯下的暴行表示了深深的悔恨。我相信今天的大多数日本人都热爱和平。如果日本能够效仿德国真诚、无条件的道歉，就像她的前总理威利·勃兰特（Willy Brandt）在前华沙贫民窟的纪念碑前跪下一样，那就更好了。这是对纳粹暴行寻求宽恕的历史性姿态，也是和解的象征。
日本网友福泽千寻的回答
For me, China is a romantic country.
对我来说，中国是一个浪漫的国度。
I am about 40 years old now. I have often watched Chinese romantic programs on TV since I was young.
我现在大约四十岁了，从小就经常在电视上看中国的浪漫节目。
There is a "Godaigo" (Japanese rock band). They sing a song "Journey to the West". I think it is "cool".
有一支“Godaigo”（日本摇滚乐队），他们唱着一首“西遊記ー敢问路在何方”，我觉得“很酷”。
In addition, I remember that China's "Silk Road" TV program cooperated with NHK, which was a small cultural boom in Japanese society in the 1980s.
此外，我记得中国“丝绸之路”的电视节目与NHK合作，这是80年代日本社会的一个文化小繁荣。
When I grew up, I learned "漢詩" in school, "Chinese poetry". I was impressed by the incomparable beauty of the character world I have never experienced. Even now I think that Chinese characters are the most beautiful characters in the world!!
当我长大一点，我学会了“漢詩ー在学校里，“中国诗歌”。我被这个从未经历过的人物世界无与伦比的美丽所折服。即使现在我也认为为汉字是世界上最美丽的文字！！
Then I saw a lot of wonderful Chinese films, and I became a fan of Chinese films.
然后我看了很多精彩的中国电影，我成了中国电影的粉丝。
Bernardo Betorucci's "The Last Emperor", Jackie Chan, Zhang Yimou and Wang Jiawei's films are excellent. I also found that such Chinese directors, like K-Pop, are influenced by Japanese film and television culture, such as Kurosawa. I noticed that Japanese influence is integrated into this at a higher level.
贝尔纳多·贝托鲁奇的《末代皇帝》，成龍，张艺谋和王家卫的电影都非常出色。我还发现，这样的中国导演像K-Pop一样受到日本影视文化的影响，比如黑泽明，我注意到这在更高的层面上融入了日本的影响力。
A Chinese friend of mine works part-time in a hotel in Tokyo. We imitate all kinds of politicians and stars, joke at work, and go to the hospital to take care of each other when we are ill. We are good friends.
我的一个中国朋友在东京的一家酒店兼职。我们互相戏仿各种政客明星，在工作中开玩笑，生病时去医院照顾彼此，我们是好朋友。
Compared with Korean culture, Korean culture is more modern, sharp and westernized, and Chinese culture has a traditional, relaxed, sweet and sentimental feeling for me.
与韩国文化相比，韩国文化更加现代、犀利和西方化，中国文化对我来说有着传统、轻松的甜蜜和感伤的感觉。
Even above newspapers and Quora, there are various political and historical problems between China and Japan, but as an individual, we have a sense of affinity and respect.
即使在报纸和Quora之上，中日之间也存在着各种各样的政治和历史问题，但作为一个个体，我们有一种亲和力和尊重感。
旅居日本网友卡多的回答
The younger generation of Japanese are better and like China better. These people are usually 30 or younger. I invited a young Japanese child to China. He and his sister study Chinese at school. When we arrived in Beijing and Shanghai, he was surprised at the huge, modern and beautiful buildings and streets. Therefore, I think how surprised some Japanese Buddhists would be when they entered the Tang court in Chang'an and wrote their language in Chinese characters; Or how surprised Marco Polo was in Kublai Khan's Yuan court and brought the story of the Silk Road and spaghetti back to Italy.
年轻一代日本人更优秀，更喜欢中国。这些人通常年龄在30岁或以下。我邀请了一个年轻的日本孩子来中国。他和他的妹妹在学校学习中文。当我们到达北京和上海时，他对这些建筑和街道的巨大、现代和美丽感到惊讶。因此，我想，当一些日本佛教徒进入长安的唐朝宫廷，借用汉字书写他们的语言时，他们会感到多么惊奇；或者马可·波罗在忽必烈的元朝宫廷里是多么惊讶，把丝绸之路和意大利面条的故事带回了意大利。
We cook traditional Chinese food together. Whenever he doesn't know how to pronounce, such as onions, he will use the kana keyboard to search for Japanese pronunciation. It is interesting that although we have different pronunciation, we can still recognize the same word.
我们一起做传统的中国菜。每当他不知道如何发音，比如葱，他会用假名键盘搜索日语发音。很有趣的是，尽管我们有不同的发音，但我们仍然能认出同一个单词。
I met a Japanese woman (from Tokyo) who studied Chinese at Stanford University. She said she won the first prize in some Chinese competitions. I said: Because you already know all the Chinese characters! But she said: No, I only know the tip of the iceberg! We laughed.
我遇到了一位日本女性（来自东京），她在斯坦福大学学习中文。她说她在一些中文比赛中获得了一等奖。我说：因为你已经知道所有的汉字了! 但她说：不，我知道的只是冰山一角！我们笑了。
I should mention that Japanese and Chinese women get along very well. Japanese and Chinese men also get along well.
我应该提一下，日本和中国女人相处得很好。日本和中国男人也相处得很好。
During my work at Google, a good Japanese colleague introduced the company to me and a Chinese male colleague and invited us to eat Chinese food. The Japanese said that he likes Sichuan food best because it is very spicy. I'm not from Sichuan, but my father from the south is familiar with Sichuan cuisine. Therefore, eating brings me back to the taste of my youth. I am very happy to enjoy it with my Japanese colleagues.
在谷歌工作期间，一位很好的日本同事向我和一位中国男同事介绍了公司，并邀请我们吃中国菜。日本人说他最喜欢川菜，因为它很辣。我不是四川人，但我来自南方的父亲熟悉川菜。所以，吃让我回到了年轻时的味道，我很高兴能和我的日本同事一起享受。
The older generation over 40 is more conservative. But even they are opening up to China. Some Japanese marry Chinese, and their children usually study in Japan and China with a more global perspective. They can speak Japanese and Chinese. They regard China as their friend.
40岁以上的老一代人更保守一些。但即使他们也在向中国开放。有一些日本人和中国人结婚，他们的孩子通常在日本和中国学习，并具有更为全球的视野。他们会说日语和汉语。他们更把中国视为朋友。
There are some very old Japanese Obasant who are actually friendly to everyone, whether Chinese or Japanese.
有一些非常古老的日本奥巴桑实际上对所有人都很友好，无论是中国人还是日本人。
In fact, I think we should see the positive side. Do you know Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba? One of his biggest investors is Softbank, a Japanese company.
事实上，我认为我们应该看到积极的一面。你认识阿里巴巴创始人马云吗？他最大的投资者之一是日本公司软银。
Yahoo founder Yang Zhiyuan married a Japanese woman; At least until now, his company has a good business performance in Japan.
雅虎创始人杨致远娶了一位日本女性；至少截止现在，他的公司在日本有着不错的经营表现。
In the economic field, China and Japan have become one of the world's largest bilateral trading partners. In business, there is great possibility and cooperation space.
在经济领域，中国和日本已经是世界上最大的双边贸易伙伴之一。在商业上，可能性很大，合作空间很大。
A Japanese friend told me that Japan is going through a stage, very like a teenager, with strong psychology, so I hope that Chinese people should understand some of its behavior is quite immature. When the world leader is the United States, the Japanese will follow the American culture and input a large number of English loanwords through katakana and other ways. When the world leader is China, Japan will return to its roots in East Asia and learn more from China.
一位日本朋友告诉我，日本正在经历一个阶段，很像一个青少年，有幕强心理，所以希望中国人应该理解它的某些行为是相当不成熟的。当世界领导人是美国时，日本人将追随美国文化，通过片假名等方式输入大量英语外来词。当世界领导人为中国时，日本将回归其东亚根源，并向中国学习更多。
There is a question on the Japanese version of Quora: who is the biggest threat to Japan. An older generation of Japanese wrote about China. A young man asked me to answer this question. I explained that the United States is actually a bigger threat. But at this point, I don't know whether my answer alone can change the thinking of Japanese elderly people.
在日本版的Quora上有一个问题：谁是日本最大的威胁。一位老一辈的日本人写了中国。一位年轻人请我回答这个问题，我解释说美国其实是一个更大的威胁。但在这一点上，我不知道仅凭我的回答能否改变日本老人的想法。
However, what can change the Japanese mentality is not only a simple answer, but also the strengthening of cooperation and dialogue between China and Japan, strengthening trade and cultural ties, funding more Japanese to study in China, and vice versa, and enhancing mutual respect for local customs. But most importantly, time can cure. As the new generation replaces the old one, they will pay more attention to China. The United States cannot stop Japan's inevitable wave of China.
然而，能改变日本人心态的不仅仅是一个简单的答案，而是中日之间加强合作和对话，加强贸易和文化联系，资助更多日本人在中国学习，反之亦然，以及增进对当地习俗的相互尊重。但最重要的是，时间可以治愈。随着新一代取代旧一代，他们将更加关注中国。美国无法阻止日本不可避免的中国浪潮。
When I went to Shanghai, I ate in a restaurant led by a Japanese chef. They cooked a lot of fish dishes for us. I can't help wondering: What are the Japanese doing in Shanghai? In the future, more Japanese will go to China, because China is very close to China. You can see the country, even find jobs and learn more about civilization and culture. With China's reform, opening-up and development, I think more Japanese will be curious about what "China" is like. Many people will be surprised that this is much better than what their biased media said.
当我去上海时，我在一家由日本厨师领导的餐馆吃饭。他们为我们做了很多鱼菜。我不禁想知道：日本人在上海做什么？未来，将有更多的日本人前往中国，因为中国离中国很近，可以看到这个国家的样子，甚至可以找到工作，了解更多的文明文化。随着中国的改革、开放和发展，我想会有更多的日本人好奇“中国”到底是什么样子。许多人会惊讶于这比他们有偏见的媒体所说的要好得多。
When the Japanese economy collapsed due to the Plaza Agreement forced by the United States, and the United States led to the Asian financial crisis in 1999, who helped Japan recover? China
当日本经济因美国强迫的广场协议而崩溃，美国导致1999年亚洲金融危机时，谁帮助日本复苏？中国
In this case, who is Japan's real friend: the United States or China?
在这种情况下，谁是日本真正的朋友：美国还是中国？
Who is Japan's largest trading partner: the United States or China?
谁是日本最大的贸易伙伴：美国还是中国？
Which country do you have thousands of years of history and culture with?
你与哪个国家有着数千年的历史和文化？
The Japanese and the Chinese have jointly created a cartoon "Youth Taste", a four-style youth/詩季織々. This is a huge sign of progress.
日本人和中国人共同创作了一部名为《青春味道》的动漫肆式青春 / 詩季織々。这是一个巨大的进步迹象。
I saw some Chinese animation. Some of them are quite good, and are on par with Japanese anime. I know that many Chinese people like animation, and I think cooperation at this cultural level is a good way to promote Sino-Japanese relations.
我看了一些中国动漫。其中一些相当不错，与日本动漫不相上下。我知道很多中国人都喜欢动漫，我认为在这一文化层面的合作是促进中日关系的一个好方法。
Recently, I heard that Chinese and Japanese also like to play some video games together. Decades ago, Pokemon didn't even have a Chinese version. But with the latest Pokemon game, I see that they provide more languages, including Korean and Chinese. The Japanese understand how much money they can earn in the Chinese market with a population of 1.4 billion.
最近，我听说，中国人和日本人也喜欢一起玩某些电子游戏。几十年前，Pokemon甚至没有中文版。但随着最新的口袋妖怪游戏，我看到他们提供了更多的语言，包括韩语和中文。日本人明白，在拥有14亿人口的中国市场，他们能赚多少钱。
Speaking of pocket monsters, I saw the latest game "Sword and Shield". Its depiction of Asians is very interesting. The league champion (imitating the British Football League) is an Indian Briton named Leon, but his nickname is usually abbreviated as Li, an English and Chinese surname. I can't help wondering whether this kind of word game is a subtle sign that Japan is extending a helping hand to China.
说到口袋妖怪，我看了最近的游戏《剑与盾》。它对亚洲人的描绘很有趣。联赛冠军（模仿英国足球联赛）是一位名叫莱昂的印度裔英国人，但他的绰号通常缩写为李，一个英语和中文姓氏。我不禁怀疑，这种文字游戏是否是日本向中国伸出援手的微妙迹象。
Sometimes I see the Japanese openly side with the Americans against the Chinese on political or other issues. I don't know whether they are pretending or serious. If they are serious, then I'm just disappointed. But I will not let disappointment breed hatred, because I know that tomorrow will be better.
有时我看到日本人在政治问题或其他问题上公然站在美国人一边反对中国人。我不知道他们是假装的还是认真的。如果他们是认真的，那么我只是感到失望。但我不会让失望滋生仇恨，因为我知道明天会更好明天会更好。
Francis Fukuyama once said that the free and democratic system of the United States is the "end of history" and the final political system that all governments will accept. After the 2008 financial crisis destroyed the American and Western economies, he changed his mind and realized that China's system has its advantages. The Chinese people will not change their system to make it exactly the same as the West. This just shows that more Japanese are aware of the advantages of Chinese culture and governance in some aspects.
弗朗西斯·福山（Francis Fukuyama）曾表示，美国的自由民主制度是“历史的终结”，是所有政府都会接受的最终政治制度。2008年金融危机摧毁了美国和西方经济后，他改变了主意，并意识到中国的制度有其优点，中国人不会改变他们的制度，使其与西方完全一样。这恰恰表明，更多的日本人正在意识到中国文化和治理的某些方面的优越性。
The younger generation of Japanese is awakening. Their prospects are more global. Many of them seek to return to their cultural roots and become friends with the Chinese. This is a gradual process. From the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese and the Chinese are friends. The Japanese like everything about China. History is returning.
年轻一代的日本人正在觉醒。他们的前景更加全球化。他们中的许多人寻求回归自己的文化根源，与中国人成为朋友。这是一个渐进的过程。从唐朝到明朝，日本人和中国人是朋友，日本人喜欢中国的一切，历史正在回归。