问题：中国人参军是一种强制义务还是基于强烈的爱国信念？
新加坡网友Callan Chua的回答
Volunteer enlistment is considered a downplay. Many people's enthusiasm for joining the military is unimaginable, which has become the main regret for some who were not selected to become the People's Liberation Army. The volunteers who enlist each year are selected from a large group of volunteers, with approximately several hundred thousand people, but not all have passed the selection process.
说志愿入伍都算是轻描淡写了，很多人的参军热情是你无法想象的，这已经成为一些未能入选成为解放军的人的主要遗憾。每年入伍的志愿者都是从一大群志愿者中挑选出来的，大约有几十万人，但并不是所有人都通过了选拔程序。
I have personally encountered over 10 people who wanted to join the People's Liberation Army, but were rejected. Some of them expressed great regret for not being able to join the People's Liberation Army and hoped to contribute in other ways.
我个人遇到过10多个人想加入解放军，但被拒绝了。他们中的一些人对未能加入解放军表示非常遗憾，并希望自己能以其他方式做出贡献。
At first, like most foreigners, I felt confused. I couldn't believe my ears because I came from Singapore, where all young people who had been proven healthy had to do military service. In Singapore, the more common idea was to try to avoid military service and enter the workplace as soon as possible. To be frank, I oppose the idea of avoiding the obligation to serve the country and come up with various excuses for it, as I am an active member of the military. However, when I learned how different the situation in China was, I was still very surprised. If you see an adult with tears in their eyes due to being refused entry into the military, you will do the same.
起初，和大多数外国人一样，我感到困惑，我简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，因为我来自新加坡，在那里，所有被证明健康的年轻人都必须服兵役，而在新加坡，更常见的想法是试着避免服兵役，尽快进入职场。坦率地说，我反对这样的想法，即躲避为国家服务的义务，并为此想出各种借口，因为我是军队中的活跃分子，但当我知道中国的情况有多不同时，我仍然感到非常惊讶。如果你看到一个成年人因为被拒绝入伍而热泪盈眶，你也会如此。
But to be honest, after staying here for a while and having a relative in the People's Liberation Army (my wife's family), you begin to understand the glory they have paid for it. This is like an eternal honor, a family honor, and even a social honor. If you perform outstandingly or even perform meritorious deeds during your service in the People's Liberation Army, it can even be compared to the honor of an Ivy League school.
但说真的，在这里呆了一段时间，有了一个在解放军的亲戚（我妻子的家人）后，你开始理解他们为之付出的荣耀。这就像是一种永恒的荣誉，一种家庭荣誉，甚至是一种社会荣誉。如果你在解放军服役期间表现出色甚至立功，这甚至可以媲美常春藤盟校的荣誉。
However, this does not mean that this is just a degree, after studying, and then graduating with excellent grades. The PLA has always served the people well, especially in the event of natural disasters and law enforcement. A common example is the disaster relief work after multiple earthquakes in western China, but an event that occurred 25 years ago in my wife's hometown is very close to me. At that time, there was an organized criminal group in her hometown. Crime was rampant, and poverty, usury, drugs, murder, and other activities were commonplace.
但是，这并不是说这只是一个学位，经过学习，然后以优异成绩毕业。解放军一直很好地为人民服务，尤其是在发生自然灾害和执法的时候。常见的例子是中国西部多次地震后的救灾工作，但25年前发生在我妻子家乡的一件事离我很近。
At that time, there was even collusion between officials and bandits, so they were unwilling to be expelled. Therefore, when a new mayor with a background in the People's Liberation Army was sent to her hometown, the situation began to change. At first, he attempted to form his own town surveillance and security forces, but due to the tough tactics of criminal groups, he did not achieve much success. In fact, when the criminal group rebelled and attempted to attack him, he learned of this terrifying situation and contacted the armed police force. Within two days, he brought the criminals to justice, and overnight the atmosphere of the city changed.
当时，她家乡有一个有组织犯罪集团。犯罪猖獗，贫困、高利贷、毒品、谋杀等都是家常便饭，当时甚至出现了官匪勾结的现象，所以不愿意把他们赶出去。因此，当一位具有解放军背景的新市长被派往她的家乡时，情况开始发生变化。起初，他试图组建城镇监视和治安部队，但由于犯罪集团的强硬手段，并没有取得很大成功。事实上，当犯罪集团反抗并试图袭击他时，了解到这种可怕的情况，他联系了武警部队，在两天内，将犯罪分子绳之以法，一夜之间这个城市的风气焕然一新。
Apart from my wife and her family, I have heard from many others who live there that this is true. My wife's uncle happened to be one of the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army who were sent to crack down on criminal groups. As a homegrown hero, he received a banner with the slogan "People's Soldier Model, People's Hero," which was sent to my mother-in-law's house as a gift by the locals. After he left the People's Liberation Army, they now live in his own house and he chose to retire in the countryside. Even now, when he visits my mother-in-law, the elderly still remember him as a member of the People's Liberation Army, who saved this small town from unimaginable crime. His son is currently serving in the People's Liberation Army, and even as a platoon leader, he is very proud.
除了从我妻子和她的家人那里，我从住在那里的许多其他人那里听说这是真的。我妻子的叔叔恰好是被派去扫荡犯罪集团的解放军士兵之一，作为一个土生土长的英雄，他得到了写着人民子弟兵的横幅，成了典范，人民英雄，被当地人当作礼物送到我婆婆家。在他离开解放军后，他们现在住在他自己的房子里，他选择在农村退休。即使是现在，当他去看望我的岳母时，老人们仍然记得他是解放军的一员，他把这个小镇从难以想象的犯罪中拯救了出来。他的儿子现在也在解放军服役，即使是一个小排长，他也非常自豪。
As far as I know, there are many such stories about PLA soldiers, from rescuing a cow trapped in a mine near the border to rescuing those who unfortunately drowned after work. Perhaps it's because I follow such news, because I believe in human kindness, and I also believe that ordinary citizens have a good impression of most PLA soldiers.
据我所知，有很多这样的故事是关于解放军士兵的，从营救一头被困在边境附近矿场的奶牛，到拯救那些下班时不幸溺水的人。也许是因为我关注这样的新闻，因为我相信人的善良，我也认为普通公民对大多数解放军士兵都有很好的印象。
Therefore, considering the vastly different environment and expectations of the People's Liberation Army, I think now I understand the honor brought by enlistment. I sometimes do hope that Singaporeans can give the same praise to our Singaporean troops, but in the end, respect is earned over time, which will depend on the Singaporean troops proving themselves to the Singaporeans.
因此，考虑到解放军截然不同的环境和期望，我想现在我明白了入伍所带来的荣誉。我有时确实希望新加坡人能对我们的新加坡部队给予同样的赞扬，但最终，尊重是随着时间的推移而赢得的，这将取决于新加坡部队向新加坡人证明自己。
网友Echo Yang的回答
This is a legal obligation, but in reality it is a great desire with a certain threshold.
这在法律上是一种义务，但实际上是一种伟大而有一定门槛的愿望。
For example, according to Pengpai News, the Ministry of Education announced that in the first eight months of this year, the number of college students applying for enrollment had reached 1078000. At the same time, the quota for the entire People's Liberation Army has just been reduced from 230000 to 2 million.
比如来自澎湃新闻-该报称，教育部宣布，今年前8个月，申请招生的大学生已达1078000人。与此同时，整个人民解放军的配额刚刚从23万人减少到200万人。
It can be estimated that the total number of Chinese willing to join the military will be as high as 800000 to 10000000.
可以估计，愿意参军的中国人总数将高达800000至10000000人。
A good reason to join the military is that although military life is difficult, sometimes even fatal, it is also a way to enjoy a better life. Soldiers of the People's Liberation Army of China usually receive generous treatment, with higher salaries, gifts, and even benefits.
参军的一个很好的理由是，尽管军旅生涯很艰难，有时甚至是致命的，但这也是享受更好生活的一种方式。中国人民解放军的士兵通常待遇优厚，薪水、礼物甚至福利都更高。
However, when the battle began, the People's Liberation Army (including the People's Armed Police) remained ready to sacrifice at any time. They have proven themselves in natural disasters that have caused thousands of civilian victims, peacekeeping missions in unstable countries, and actions against international criminals. I cannot say that the soldiers are eager to participate, but they have indeed earned the respect of ordinary people.
然而，当战斗开始时，解放军（包括人民武装警察）仍然随时准备牺牲。他们已经在造成数千平民受害者的自然灾害、在不稳定国家的维和特派团以及打击国际罪犯的行动中证明了自己。我不能说士兵们都渴望参与，但他们确实赢得了我们普通人的尊重。
In addition, many Chinese people always dream of being soldiers. They do love this profession and are even prepared before they grow up. One of my high school classmates comes from a moderately prosperous family. He could have used his parents' money to study abroad, but he stayed in China and joined the military after graduation.
此外，还有很多中国人总是梦想自己是士兵。他们确实热爱这份职业，甚至在长大之前就做好了准备。我的一个高中同学来自一个中等富裕的家庭。他本可以用父母的钱出国留学，但他留在了中国，毕业后参军了。
For those who are ignorant or malicious towards China: Do not underestimate the willingness of the Chinese people to defend their country. There may be a larger proportion of people who do not want to join the army, but there will still be people two to three times the size of your army who aspire to become a soldier of the People's Liberation Army.
对于那些对中国无知或恶毒的人：不要低估中国人民保卫自己国家的意愿。可能有更大比例的人不想参军，但仍会有两到三倍于你们军队规模的人渴望成为人民解放军的一名士兵。
Conclusion: All new students, at least for now, are volunteers, although conscription still exists legally. We can assume that the Chinese people will voluntarily join the Chinese military and fight for the country.
结论：所有的新生，至少目前是志愿者，尽管征兵在法律上仍然存在。我们可以假设中国人民会自愿加入中国军队，为国家而战。
We have enough volunteers to form the world's largest standing army, so yes, I think this means that "we" really "volunteer to fight".
我们有足够的志愿者组成世界上最大的常备军，所以是的，我想这意味着“我们”确实“自愿战斗”。
Furthermore, since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, there has been no such thing as being forced to join the military. But it is also incorrect to say that there is no obligation to serve.
此外，自中华人民共和国成立以来，并不存在被迫参军这回事，但说没有义务服务也是不正确的。
On the one hand, China does have the "conscription law" (Chinese version: the Military Service Law of the People's Republic of China, literally meaning "the Military Service Law of the People's Republic of China").
一方面，中国确实有《征兵法》（中文版：中华人民共和国兵役法, 字面意思是“中华人民共和国兵役法”）。
According to the law, theoretically, a citizen who is suitable for service can and will be conscripted into the military.
根据法律，理论上，一个适合服务的公民可以而且将被征召入伍。
However, in practice, since 1949, there have been too many volunteers (millions) who have volunteered to join the military, making it impossible for ordinary people to be conscripted.
然而，在实践中，自1949年以来，志愿参军的人太多了（数以百万计），以至于普通人无法被征召入伍。
As an option, today, when students enter high school and college/university, there will be a mandatory military training period (usually 7 to 14 days). For college students, there is also a compulsory course called Military Theory or Military Theory (which may have different names in different schools), which extensively introduces various military ideas from military strategist Sun Tzu to the development history of military laser technology.
作为一种选择，今天，当学生进入高中和学院/大学时，将分别有一段强制性的军事训练期（通常为7至14天）。对于大学生来说，还有一门必修课叫军事理论 或者军事理论（在不同的流派中可能有不同的名字），它广泛地介绍了从军事家孙子到军事激光技术发展史的各种军事思想。
A vague but unofficial idea is that once you have completed training (mainly about discipline, but hardly about combat or technology) and passed the course, you have fulfilled your obligation to make full contributions to China's national defense industry, unless there is a major war or you choose to further volunteer.
一个模糊但非官方的想法是，一旦你完成了训练（主要是关于纪律，但几乎不是关于战斗或技术）并通过了课程，你就已经履行了为中国国防事业做出充分贡献的义务，除非发生重大战争或你自己选择进一步志愿服务。
Some additional details: Personally, for my high school training, we went to a (private operated) center located in the suburbs and specifically contracted for such activities. My college training is on campus. Training only includes a large number of formations, marches, and singing.
一些附加细节：就我个人而言，对于我的高中培训，我们去了一家位于郊区的（民间经营）中心，专门承包此类活动。我的大学训练就在校园里。训练只包括大量的列队、行进和唱歌。
From a historical perspective, this type of training has been much more rigorous, time-consuming, and comprehensive. In fact, it teaches students how to aim and shoot rifles, throw grenades, and use bayonets. A former neighbor of mine, a retired English teacher (female), told us that she used to receive a full month of training at school every year (I think it was in the 1970s or earlier, because she also told us the story of how they joined the march in support of the nationalization of the Suez Canal in Egypt).
从历史上看，这种训练要严格得多，时间要长得多，而且非常全面，实际上是教学生如何瞄准和射击步枪、投掷手榴弹和使用刺刀。我家的一位前邻居，一位退休的英语老师（女）告诉我们，她过去每年在学校接受整整一个月的培训（我想是在70年代或更早的时候，因为她还告诉我们他们是如何加入支持埃及苏伊士运河国有化的游行的故事）。
网友Mia Brown的回答
China does not require citizens to perform military service as South Korea and other countries do. In China, people voluntarily join the military and there is no situation of being forced. The person who raised this question must have made such a biased judgment without fully understanding the real situation.
中国不像韩国和其他国家那样要求公民服兵役。在中国，人们是自愿参军的，不存在被强迫的情况。提出这个问题的人一定是在没有充分了解真实情况的情况下做出了这样一个有偏见的判断。
In China, being able to join the military is considered a very honorable thing. Moreover, many young Chinese choose to join the military because this experience will bring them many tangible benefits.
在中国，能够参军被认为是一件非常光荣的事情。不仅如此，许多中国年轻人选择参军，因为这段经历将给他们带来许多实实在在的好处。
Firstly, the experience of joining the military will bring them a socially recognized job resume. Compared to their peers, those who have served in the military have strong discipline, a strong sense of responsibility, can endure hardships, is willing to endure hardships, and is steadfast and trustworthy. When veterans are employed, their military career is seen as a highly recognized work experience by local governments, enterprises, and institutions.
首先，参军的经历会给他们带来一份社会认可的工作简历。与同龄人相比，在部队服役过的人纪律性强，责任心强，能吃苦，肯吃苦耐劳，踏实守信。退伍军人就业时，他们的军旅生涯被视为一种得到地方政府、企事业单位高度认可的工作经历。
Secondly, the military camp is a "university". Every year, students are sent to training units such as colleges, manufacturers, and training teams to learn "military civilian" skills such as driving, cooking, repair, and medical treatment, mastering a skill and preparing for the future. Step into society and lay a professional and practical foundation.
其次，军营是一所“大学校”。每年，学生都会被送到学院、制造商、训练队等训练单位，学习驾驶、烹饪、修理、医疗等“军地两用”技能，掌握一门技能，为未来做好准备。走向社会，打下专业和实用的基础。
In addition, the welfare benefits of Chinese soldiers should be as good as possible. In order to protect the rights and interests of military personnel, China has specially introduced relevant policies. Even if they leave the military and return to other places in the future, they will still have employment advantages and preferential policies compared to others. In addition, there are also relevant discounts in various aspects such as life, elderly care, medical care, housing, education, etc.
此外，中国士兵的福利待遇尽可能好。为了保护军人的权益，中国专门出台了相关政策。即使他们将来离开军队回到其他地方，他们也会比其他人有就业优势和优惠政策。此外，在生活、养老、医疗、住房、教育等诸多方面也有相关优惠。
It is precisely the advantages and benefits of various aspects that have made many young people who want to join the military and serve their country worry free and have put on military uniforms. Some students from top universities such as Tsinghua University and Peking University are also willing to choose to join the military because they always feel honored to do so. Song Xi, a female soldier from Peking University, was awarded the title of "Most Beautiful Veteran in the Country". She said, "Youth needs to be burned to the extreme. The hot military camp is definitely a choice that you will never regret in your life
正是各方面的优势和好处，让许多想参军报国的年轻人没有后顾之忧，纷纷穿上了军装。一些来自清华大学、北京大学等顶尖大学的学生也愿意选择参军，因为他们总觉得参军很光荣。北京大学女兵宋锡荣获“全国最美退伍军人”称号，她说：“青春是要燃烧到极致的。火热的军营绝对是一个你一生都不会后悔的选择。”
On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the National Day, Chinese military personnel have showcased their heroic demeanor to the fullest, and they are constantly praised online. Their neat and firm steps have also attracted and inspired more young people to join the military. It can be said that Chinese people have a genuine admiration and love for the profession of military personnel.
国庆70周年之际，中国军人将英雄风采展现得淋漓尽致，网络上对他们赞不绝口。他们整齐而坚定的步伐也吸引和激励了更多的年轻人参军。可以说，中国人对军人这个职业是发自内心的钦佩和热爱。
Therefore, when it comes to this issue again, the Chinese have never been forced to join the military and serve the country. Those young people who choose to join the military have passion and firm aspirations. In order to not disappoint these young people, China has also provided them with sufficient welfare guarantees. It can be said that this is a romantic two-way journey. Some people with ulterior motives no longer need to spread rumors recklessly.
因此，再次回到这个问题上，中国人从未被迫参军报国。那些选择参军的年轻人有激情和坚定的志向。为了不辜负这些年轻人，中国也给予了他们足够的福利保障。可以说，这是一场浪漫的双向奔赴。一些别有用心的人不再需要肆意造谣了。
中国网友夏自新的回答
The soldiers of the People's Liberation Army are called soldiers of the people.
解放军士兵被称人民子弟兵。
Soldiers are not brainwashed like American or Australian soldiers to bomb other countries for oil. Their main responsibility is to protect Chinese territory, so they are proud of themselves.
士兵们并没有像美军或澳大利亚军人那样被洗脑去轰炸其他国家以获取石油，他们的主要职责是保护中国领土，所以他们为自己感到骄傲。
When natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods occur, nearby armies are usually mobilized to help the area. For people suffering from natural disasters, the moment the People's Liberation Army enters the area usually means that things will be under control and they will no longer worry. This is almost like a conditioned reflex.
当发生地震或洪水等自然灾害时，通常会动员附近的军队来帮助该地区。对于遭受自然灾害的人们来说，解放军军队进入该地区的那一刻通常意味着事情将得到控制，不再担心。这几乎就像一种条件反射。
Ordinary soldiers in daily life are free of charge for public transportation and other public facilities that charge citizens.
日常生活中的普通士兵对公共交通和其他向公民收费的公共设施是免费的。
After retiring and restoring citizenship, as long as he or she avoids bad habits such as gambling, people usually respect the veteran. In order to encourage enterprises to hire retired soldiers, the government has many policies and subsidies for companies that hire retired soldiers.
退伍并恢复公民身份后，只要他或她远离赌博等不良习惯，人们通常会尊重退伍军人。为了鼓励企业雇佣退役士兵，政府对雇佣退役士兵的公司有很多政策和补贴。
For retired military officers, they can usually apply for quite good jobs in local governments with incomes above average.
对于退役军官来说，他们通常可以在地方政府申请相当不错的工作，收入高于平均水平。
In order to protect the families of soldiers, if someone has an affair with the soldier's spouse, waiting for him is a trial in a military court, which is a violation of military marriage and the punishment is much harsher than in a civil court.
为了保护士兵的家人，如果有人与士兵的配偶有染，等待他的是军事法庭的审判，这是破坏军婚，惩罚要比民事法庭严厉得多。
Meanwhile, as the number of admissions is much lower than the number of applicants, joining the military in China is not an easy task, so China does not need to force conscription.
同时，由于录取人数远低于报名人数，在中国参军不是一件容易的事，因此中国不需要强制征兵。
In 2014, when I was 18 years old and in my third year of high school, the Air Force came to our school to recruit pilots. At least 200 people have signed up to participate, but only 3 people (2 of whom are twins) have been admitted.
2014年，我18岁，高中三年级，空军来到我们学校招募飞行员。至少有200人报名参加，但只有3人（其中2人是双胞胎）被录取。
I registered in college, but during the 2016 Army conscription, our school had nearly 500 applicants and only 8 were admitted.
我在大学时注册，2016年陆军征兵时，我们学校有近500人报名，只有8人被录取。
Among my college classmates, two female soldiers retired from the Air Force ground team and eventually pursued a master's degree without passing the exam. Even ordinary 2-year conscripts will receive additional compensation and lifetime benefits after discharge.
在我的大学同学中，有两名女兵从空军地面队退役，她们最终没有通过考试就攻读了硕士学位。即使是普通的2年义务兵，在退伍后也将获得额外的补偿和终身福利。
China has done a great job in protecting the rights and interests of military personnel, which is a return for their selfless defense of the motherland.
中国在保护军人权益方面做得很完善，是对他们无私保卫祖国的回报。