自从核武器问世,除了二战末期,美国在日本投下两颗核弹以后,核武就始终处于《核不扩散协议》框架的管控之中,即便该框架有所疏漏,只要各个世界大国能够达成共识,核武器风险就能够得到有效控制。在海外问答网站Quora上,美国网友问:为什么美国不用核武器彻底灭了中国?这个险恶而狂妄的问题引起各国网友的驳斥,我们看看他们的回答。





海外网友加斯卡的回答


Look, unlike the first strike policy of the United States/NATO and Russia's first use of nuclear theory, China is the first country to commit to a "no first use" policy. This means that China's nuclear forces were designed from the beginning for retaliatory retaliation - which means they must be protected from any aggressor with a nuclear trigger who launched the first strike.

看,与美国/北约的首次打击政策和俄罗斯的首次使用核理论不同,中国是第一个承诺“不首先使用核武器”政策的国家。这意味着,中国的核力量从一开始就是为了报复性反击而设计的——这意味着他们必须受到保护,免受任何发动第一次打击的拥有核扳机的侵略者的伤害。

The result is that, unlike the nuclear arsenals of the United States or Russia, China prefers to build launch sites in deep mountains, while most of the active missiles of the United States or Russia are stationed in armored launch wells on flat plains.

结果是,与美国或俄罗斯的核武库不同的是,中国喜欢将发射场建在深山中,而美国或俄罗斯大多数现役导弹都驻扎在平坦平原上的装甲发射井中。



Although no one has an exact number due to the confidentiality of China's nuclear power, it is well known that many of China's strategic forces are deployed on TELs rather than in fixed launch wells.

虽然由于中国核力量的保密性,没有人有确切的数字,但众所周知,中国的许多战略力量都部署在TEL上,而不是固定的发射井里。(运输存储发射一体车TEL)

Then, these TELs are hidden in the concrete reinforced tunnel network below the mountain. Each network can reach tens of kilometers and traverse multiple mountains and valleys. Some people claim that multiple networks are actually interconnected through tunnels hundreds or even thousands of kilometers, allowing China to pass its nuclear missiles through the entire province without being detected.

然后,这些TEL被隐藏在山下混凝土加固隧道网络中。每个网络可以长达数十公里,穿过多个山脉和山谷。还有人声称,多个网络实际上通过数百公里甚至数千公里的隧道相互连接,使中国能够在不被探测的情况下将其核导弹穿越整个省份。

The length of China's' Underground Great Wall '(which Chinese say is a 5000 kilometer deep tunnel) is very long, indicating that there may be plans to deploy larger scale nuclear armed intercontinental ballistic missiles. "- National Institute of Public Policy (NIPP) report in 2017.

“中国的‘地下长城’(中国人说是5000公里深的隧道)长度很长,这表明可能计划部署更大规模的核武装洲际弹道导弹。”-国家公共政策研究所(NIPP)2017年报告。

Each local network also has at least a dozen or more fortified entrances from which TEL can peek and launch missiles.

每个本地网络也至少有十几个或更多的设防入口,TEL可以从那里窥视并发射导弹。

To destroy armored doors designed for nuclear weapons, direct (or very close) hits are required. This means that you cannot only conduct aerial explosions to achieve maximum area coverage, but rather directly launch missiles for ground impact. This is why China has built a tunnel network in mountainous areas, with the tunnel entrance located deep in the valley - the "fold" of the mountains has become a natural barrier, limiting the damage caused by each nuclear explosion.

要摧毁针对核武器设计的装甲门,需要直接(或非常近距离)命中。这意味着你不能只进行空中爆炸以获得最大的区域覆盖,而是直接发射导弹进行地面撞击。这就是为什么中国在山区建造隧道网络,隧道入口位于山谷深处——山脉的“褶皱”成为一道天然屏障,限制了每次核爆炸造成的破坏。

This means that you basically need to equip each tunnel entrance with a separate target warhead to make it unusable. In order to destroy even a tunnel network and prevent the hidden TEL from being used, you must dismantle every entrance.

这意味着你基本上需要为每个隧道入口配备一个单独的目标弹头,以使其无法使用。为了摧毁哪怕是一个隧道网络,防止隐藏在其中的TEL被使用,你必须拆除每一个入口。

If even a hidden entrance to any network fails to catch your attention, then the entire operation is a failure - trucks can launch and launch solid fuel rockets within a few minutes.

如果哪怕是任何网络的一个隐藏入口都没有引起你的注意,那么整个行动就是失败了——卡车可以在几分钟内推出并发射固体燃料火箭。



Of course, this does not include those nuclear missile submarines that hide underwater for several months at a time.

当然,这还不包括那些一次在水下躲藏数月的核弹道导弹潜艇。

Good luck! So I suggest we stop fantasizing about unilateral nuclear war and start thinking about how to prevent it.

祝你好运!所以我建议我们停止幻想单方面的核战争,然后开始思考如何防止它。



中国网友刘若雨的回答

Chinese people may be full of surprises and wisdom, you don't even know. Below is a story about the leader of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao Zedong.

中国人可能充满了惊喜和智慧,你根本不知道。下面讲一个一个关于中华人民共和国领袖毛泽东主席的故事。

During the Sino Soviet conflict on Treasure Island, it is said that after losing, the Soviet leadership was actually considering using nuclear weapons to attack China, in order to eliminate China's threat once and for all.

在中苏珍宝岛冲突期间,据说苏联领导层在输了之后,实际上正在考虑用核武器袭击中国,以一劳永逸地消除中国的威胁。

When intelligence was intercepted, the Chinese Military Commission held an emergency meeting, and no military leader was afraid of the Soviet Union launching nuclear weapons into China. They did not propose a ceasefire, but carefully analyzed enriched uranium stocks and decided to retaliate against the Soviet Union while manufacturing nuclear weapons.

当情报被截获时,中国军事委员会召开了一次紧急会议,没有一位军事领导人害怕苏联向中国发射核武器,他们没有提出休战,而是仔细分析了浓缩铀库存,并决定在制造核武器的同时报复苏联。

Mao Zedong sat there quietly listening to every military leader's speech.

毛泽东坐在那里,静静地听着每一位军事领导人的讲话。

At the end of the meeting, Mao Zedong made a decision that they would not retaliate against the Soviet Union with nuclear weapons. He then formulated a strategic plan that left the attendees at a loss: to prohibit any intention to use nuclear weapons against the Soviet Union, to send all field troops to the border, and once the Soviet Union launched nuclear weapons against China, all Chinese troops would enter Soviet territory, followed by local and civilian armies, all attacking the Soviet Union and occupying their land, Ultimately, all Chinese people will move to the Soviet Union and settle there.

会议快结束时,毛泽东做出决定,他们不会用核武器报复苏联,随后制定了一项令与会人员不知所措的战略计划:禁止任何对苏联使用核武器的意图,向边境派遣所有野战军,一旦苏联向中国发射核武器,中国军队就全部进入苏联领土,随后是地方军队和民间军队,所有人都攻击苏联并占领他们的土地,最终所有的中国人都将转移到苏联并在那里定居。

Everyone was at a loss, and Mao Zedong continued to explain his plan, "If the Soviet Union launches nuclear weapons, China will face large-scale nuclear pollution, and we must take action. This is not a choice

所有人都茫然不解,毛泽东继续解释他的计划,“如果苏联发射核武器,中国将面临大规模核污染,我们必须采取行动,这不是一种选择。”

We attacked wave after wave, we advanced forward, took over and destroyed military facilities and airports, and Chinese civilians armed themselves and marched into the Soviet Union

“我们一波接一波地进攻,我们向前推进,接管并摧毁军事设施和机场,中国平民武装起来,进军苏联。”

"Our army is good at guerrilla warfare, and the Soviet Union will find it impossible to stop us. There are more than 600 million Chinese people, who were born, raised and trained through war and blood in difficult times, and they cannot stop us."

“我们的军队擅长游击战,苏联会发现无法阻止我们。有6亿多中国人,他们都是在艰难时期通过战争和鲜血出生、长大和训练的,他们挡不住我们。”

The military leader was both shocked and excited. How will we deal with the nuclear weapons we possess? "Asked one of them.

军方首脑既震惊又兴奋。“我们将如何处理我们拥有的核武器?”其中一人问道。

Attack all accessible US military bases so that the US cannot use and destroy us after our break with the Soviet Union

“攻击所有触手可及的美国军事基地,这样美国就不能在我们与苏联决裂后利用并摧毁我们。”

Mao Zedong instructed to immediately send the information to the leadership of the Soviet Union and the United States.

毛泽东指示立即将信息发送给苏联和美国领导层。

Henry Kissinger obtained this information through Poland. Due to the poor relationship between China and the United States, Nixon summoned the military, who were concerned that although it seemed impossible, Mao Zedong would indeed do so, especially considering how Mao Zedong joined the Korean War without any warning.

亨利·基辛格通过波兰获得了这一信息,因为中美关系不好,尼克松召集了军方,他们担心尽管看起来不可能,但毛泽东会真的这么做,特别是考虑到毛泽东是如何在没有任何警告的情况下加入朝鲜战争的。

If China decides to launch all nuclear weapons on US bases, then the United States will lose all its power in the Asia Pacific region. In addition, if Mao Zedong transferred the Chinese to the Soviet Union, he may further advance towards Europe and even the mainland of the United States.

如果中国决定向美国基地发射所有核武器,那么美国将失去在亚太地区的所有力量。此外,如果毛泽东将中国人转移到苏联,他可能会进一步向欧洲,甚至美国大陆推进。

The United States decided to side with China and warn the Soviet Union, which increased the cost of war for the Soviet Union, so the Soviet Union would not impulsively attack China. Later, the United States quickly summoned the Soviet ambassador and made this clear.

美国决定站在中国一边,警告苏联,增加了苏联的战争成本,因此苏联不会冲动地攻击中国。后来,美国迅速召见了苏联大使,并表明了这一点。

Before the United States issued a warning, the Soviet leadership had decided not to engage in war with China and had taken action to repair relations with China. Alexei Kosikin contacted Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai and requested an urgent meeting with Mao Zedong, but Mao Zedong decided to ignore it and instead took a nap.

在美国发出警告之前,苏联领导层已经决定不与中国开战,并采取行动修复与中国的关系。阿列克谢·科西金联系了中国总理周恩来,要求与毛泽东紧急会面,但毛泽东决定不理会,而是打个盹。

Alexei Kosygin requested to meet again on his way back from his visit to Vietnam. He attended Ho Chi Minh's funeral in Vietnam and Zhou agreed to meet him at the airport for half an hour, but the world didn't know what they were talking about.

阿列克谢·科西金(Alexei Kosygin)在访问越南回来的路上要求再次会面,他在越南参加了胡志明的葬礼,周同意在机场迎接他半个小时,但全世界都不知道他们谈论了什么。

The Chinese may surprise you, their strategy is invincible, and nuclear weapons may not even be their best weapon.

中国人可能会让你大吃一惊,他们的战略是无敌的,核武器可能甚至都不是他们最好的武器。



美国网友戴维•阿纳特的回答


It is likely not, at least from what we have seen, China's anti ballistic missile system is not stronger than other countries in the world, while the United States' nuclear arsenal is the heaviest and most powerful. However, if the United States dares to act, it will also cease to exist.

很可能不会,至少从我们所看到的情况来看,中国的反弹道导弹系统并不强于美俄,而美国的核武库是最为笨重而强大的。然而,美国如果胆敢行动,它也将同样不复存在。

Although China's civilians and most of its military will be destroyed and wiped away from the Earth in a nuclear storm, China's own nuclear power will be relatively unaffected.

虽然中国的平民和大部分军队将在一场核风暴中被毁灭,从地球上抹去,但中国自己的核力量将相对未受影响。



When the US warhead enters, both China and Russia will remain vigilant and respond accordingly to the upcoming strike. Russia has its own reasons for retaliation, as in this situation, they are not only "allies", but nuclear radiation may also reach Russia.

当美国弹头进入时,中国或俄罗斯都会对即将到来的打击保持警惕,并做出相应反应。俄罗斯有自己的报复理由,因为在这种情况下,他们不仅是“盟友”,而且核辐射也可能到达俄罗斯。

China's ballistic missile network is hidden in a complex mountain tunnel network, almost unaffected by any form of first strike. Once the dust settles, people in the network will deploy launchers to their respective launch sites and retaliate against them.

中国的弹道导弹网络隐藏在复杂的山区隧道网络中,几乎不受任何形式的第一次打击。一旦尘埃落定,网络中的人就会将发射器部署到各自的发射场,并报复他们。



The main component of China's ground nuclear power can reach the mainland of the United States, and China's latest sea based nuclear power can reach the mainland of the United States from Chinese waters. For a long time, it is well known that Russia's ground and sea nuclear forces can also achieve this.

中国地面核力量的主力部分可以到达美国大陆,中国最新的海基核力量可以从中国水域到达美国大陆。长期以来,众所周知,俄罗斯的地面和海上核力量也能做到这一点。

In short, the United States made a major mistake by eliminating its greatest threat, but at the same time, China and Russia adopted the approach of "if I want to destroy, you will destroy with me" and returned this. Of course, Russia will also use nuclear weapons to attack other European countries. They have enough backup weapons, why should NATO escape unscathed?

简言之,美国犯了一个重大错误,消除了其最大的威胁,但与此同时,中国和俄罗斯采取了“如果我要毁灭,你就和我一起毁灭”的做法,并施加报复。当然,俄罗斯也会用核武器袭击欧洲其他国家,他们有足够的备用武器,为什么要让北约毫发无损地逃脱呢?

It is almost impossible to destroy a nuclear power with nuclear weapons and expect oneself to escape unscathed. China's nuclear weapons are well protected and hidden, while Russia's "nuclear dead man switch" ensures that anyone who fires at them will be eliminated. It is basically impossible to conceal the launch of ballistic missiles, and then the warhead also falls to Earth at hypersonic speeds.

用核武器摧毁一个核大国,并期望自己毫发无损地逃脱,这几乎是不可能的。中国的核武器得到了很好的保护和隐藏,而俄罗斯的“核死人开关”确保了向它们开火的人都会被消灭。基本上也不可能掩盖弹道导弹的发射,然后弹头也以高超音速坠落地球。

To make an analogy, imagine two gunmen, but they are both trapped in place and unable to move. The speed of the bullets is slow enough for another person to see, think, and shoot.

作一个类比,想象两个枪手,但他们都被困在原地,无法移动,子弹的速度慢到足以让另一个人看到、思考并开枪。



德国网友托米•巴雷特的回答

If they do this, the United States may have gone crazy. But for a hypothetical question, this is also a hypothetical answer. As early as the 1960s, when China had only a few experimental nuclear weapons and no advanced delivery systems, it faced the risk of being destroyed by nuclear attacks from the United States and the Soviet Union. Because at that time, the People's Republic of China was the great enemy of both countries.

如果他们这样做的话,美国可能已经疯了。但对于一个假设性的问题,这也是一个假设的答案。早在20世纪60年代,当中国只有几种实验性核武器,没有先进的运载系统时,它就面临着被美国和苏联核攻击摧毁的危险。因为当时中华人民共和国是两国的大敌。

Chairman Mao issued instructions without hesitation: "Dig deep tunnels, gather grain everywhere, and never seek hegemony. He said, "If imperialists dare to launch a nuclear attack on us, our population will be reduced by half, but capitalism will be buried." Since then, China has had the world's most comprehensive and largest underground complex. Premier Zhou Enlai said, "Once war breaks out, there will be no more borders.

毛主席毫不气馁地发出指示:“深挖地道,处处屯粮,绝不称霸”。他说:“如果帝国主义者胆敢对我们发动核攻击,我们的人口将减少一半,但资本主义将被埋葬。”从那时起,中国拥有了世界上最全面、最大的地下综合体。周恩来总理说:“一旦战争爆发,就不会再有边界了”。

Now, in the 2020's, China's technology has made significant progress. If the United States launches nuclear weapons, it will definitely be at war with China, which will kick off and make progress towards this goal. China will be prepared enough and not caught off guard. Their advanced anti missile defense system will be warned. In addition, it will also prepare retaliatory weapons. The US nuclear attack may not be 100% successful. It should be prepared to accept China's retaliatory nuclear attack, and may also face a fierce nuclear attack from Russia.

现在,在2020年代,中国的技术已经取得了相当大的进步。如果美国发射核武器,那么它肯定已经在与中国开战,这将为这一目标拉开序幕并取得进展。中国会有足够的准备,不会措手不及。他们先进的反导弹防御系统会受到警告。此外,它还将准备好报复性武器。美国的核攻击可能不会100%成功。它应该准备好接受中国的报复性核攻击,可能还会受到俄罗斯的猛烈核攻击。



This is clearly an apocalyptic scenario that all humanity will oppose. The United States has no reason to engage in such a malicious nuclear attack, as China has repeatedly stated that it does not want any form of war. It wants multilateral trade. Trade is beneficial to humanity.

这显然是全人类都会反对的世界末日情景。美国没有理由进行这种恶毒的核攻击,因为中国一再发表声明,它不想要任何形式的战争。它想要多边贸易。贸易对人类更有益。



海外网友伊斯干达的回答

Yes, I believe the United States can use nuclear weapons to attack China, but militarily, the People's Liberation Army of China is rapidly modernizing its own weapon system, and it will become increasingly difficult for US nuclear weapons to pass through the PLA's defense. I believe China is one of the few countries that the United States is unwilling to engage in war with.

是的,我认为美国可以用核武器攻击中国,但在军事上,中国人民解放军正在迅速现代化其自己的武器系统,美国的核武器将越来越难以通过解放军的防御,我认为中国是美国不愿与之开战的少数国家之一。

The nuclear attack will respond to China's attacks on the US mainland, US bases, and US Navy fleets in the Pacific. Any nuclear bomber will operate at known air bases such as Guam, and they will be attacked by ballistic and cruise missiles. Nuclear submarines will be a priority target for Chinese Navy and Air Force ASW assets and equipment, while the US Navy will be threatened by a rapidly increasing number of highly advanced and effective weapon systems.

核攻击将以中国对美国本土、美国基地和美国海军在太平洋的舰队的攻击作为回应。任何核轰炸机都将在关岛等地的已知空军基地作战,它们将受到弹道导弹和巡航导弹等的攻击,核潜艇将是中国海军和空军ASW资产和设备的优先目标,美国海军将受到数量迅速增加的非常先进和有效的武器系统的威胁。



Therefore, yes, the United States may use nuclear weapons to attack China, but with the progress of China's weapons technology, this will become increasingly difficult. retaliatory strikes against the US military are certain, and China is likely to launch a nuclear attack on the mainland of the United States.

因此,是的,美国可能会用核武器攻击中国,但随着中国武器技术的进步,这将变得越来越困难,对美军的报复性打击是肯定的,中国很可能会对美国大陆发动核攻击。

But this may never happen, because if the world's two largest economies were at war, it would be catastrophic for both countries and the rest of the world. Therefore, I doubt that any president would bear the risk of a world chaos after a nuclear strike against China.

但这可能永远不会发生,因为如果世界上最大的两个经济体处于战争中,对两国和世界其他地区都将是灾难性的,所以我怀疑任何一位总统都不会承担对中国进行核打击后出现的世界大乱的风险。